{"id":4851,"date":"2021-01-01T22:22:00","date_gmt":"2021-01-01T16:52:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/?p=4851"},"modified":"2021-01-04T09:56:10","modified_gmt":"2021-01-04T04:26:10","slug":"http-client-urlencoded-body-go","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/http-client-urlencoded-body-go\/","title":{"rendered":"HTTP client or Send x-www-form-urlencoded request body in Go (Golang)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_17 counter-hierarchy counter-decimal ez-toc-light-blue\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"display: none;\"><i class=\"ez-toc-glyphicon ez-toc-icon-toggle\"><\/i><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class=\"ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1\"><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/http-client-urlencoded-body-go\/#Overview\" title=\"Overview\">Overview<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/http-client-urlencoded-body-go\/#Example\" title=\"Example\">Example<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overview\"><\/span><strong>Overview<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">The <strong>applcation\/x-www-form-urlencoded<\/strong> content-type request body is like a giant query string. Similar to the query string in a URI it is a key-value pair having the below format.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">key1=value1&key2=value21&key2=value22&key3=value3<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">where there are below key-value pairs<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>key1, value1<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>key2 has two values i.e value21 and value22.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>key3, value3<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Each key-value pair is separated by <strong>&amp;<\/strong> in case of multiple values for the same key there will be two entries of that key-value pair. Also, each key and value is URLencoded similar to the query string.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Now the question that might be coming to the mind is if <strong>x-www-form-urlencoded<\/strong> is just like query string then why does it exist. The reason is that the query string is part of the URI and since there is a limit on the length of the URI, you can send a limited number of key-value pairs in the query string.\u00a0 While there is no limit for the length of the <strong>x-www-form-urlencoded<\/strong> request body. However, it is limited by the max request body size allowed by the server which is generally 10MB for most of the servers. Now let&#8217;s see how we can parse the <strong>x-www-form-urlencoded<\/strong> in golang<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">So basically since the x-www-form-urlencoded body is nothing but like query string, it is represented in golang using <strong>url.Values<\/strong>. <a href=\"https:\/\/golang.org\/pkg\/net\/url\/#Values\">https:\/\/golang.org\/pkg\/net\/url\/#Values<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>url.Values<\/strong> is nothing but a map whose<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>key is a string\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>value is a slice of string<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">It is represented like below<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">type Values map[string][]string<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Example\"><\/span><strong>Example<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Below is the program for the same. This is how we created the body in the program<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">data := url.Values{}\ndata.Set(\"name\", \"John\")\ndata.Set(\"age\", \"18\")\ndata.Add(\"hobbies\", \"sports\")\ndata.Add(\"hobbies\", \"music\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Difference between Add and Set<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Add<\/strong> will append an extra value to the key in <strong>url.Values <\/strong>map<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Set<\/strong> will replace the existing key in <strong>url.Values<\/strong> map<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">After that, we need to encode the data. Then encoded data is passed to the <strong>http.NewRequest<\/strong> function. Also don&#8217;t forget to set the content-type header to <strong>application\/x-www-form-urlencoded<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">encodedData := data.Encode()\nhttp.NewRequest(method, urlPath, strings.NewReader(encodedData))<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">The full program for the same.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">package main\n\nimport (\n\t\"fmt\"\n\t\"net\/http\"\n\t\"net\/url\"\n\t\"strconv\"\n\t\"strings\"\n\t\"time\"\n)\n\nfunc main() {\n\tcall(\"http:\/\/localhost:8080\/employee\", \"POST\")\n}\n\nfunc call(urlPath, method string) error {\n\tclient := &http.Client{\n\t\tTimeout: time.Second * 10,\n\t}\n\n\tdata := url.Values{}\n\tdata.Set(\"name\", \"John\")\n\tdata.Set(\"age\", \"18\")\n\tdata.Add(\"hobbies\", \"sports\")\n\tdata.Add(\"hobbies\", \"music\")\n\tencodedData := data.Encode()\n\tfmt.Println(encodedData)\n\treq, err := http.NewRequest(method, urlPath, strings.NewReader(encodedData))\n\tif err != nil {\n\t\treturn fmt.Errorf(\"Got error %s\", err.Error())\n\t}\n\treq.Header.Add(\"Content-Type\", \"application\/x-www-form-urlencoded\")\n\treq.Header.Add(\"Content-Length\", strconv.Itoa(len(data.Encode())))\n\tresponse, err := client.Do(req)\n\tif err != nil {\n\t\treturn fmt.Errorf(\"Got error %s\", err.Error())\n\t}\n\tdefer response.Body.Close()\n\treturn nil\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">If you run a server that listens on :8080 port similar to the below link, then you will see that the server will be able to correctly print the body of the incoming request<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/url-encoded-body-golang\">https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/url-encoded-body-golang<\/a>\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Also the output of<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">fmt.Println(encodedData)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">will be<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">age=18&hobbies=sports&hobbies=music&name=John<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">which is in the same format that we had discussed above.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Table of Contents OverviewExample Overview The applcation\/x-www-form-urlencoded content-type request body is like a giant query string. Similar to the query string in a URI it is a key-value pair having the below&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[3,4],"class_list":["post-4851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tech","tag-go","tag-golang"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>HTTP client or Send x-www-form-urlencoded request body in Go (Golang) - Welcome To Golang By Example<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/http-client-urlencoded-body-go\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"HTTP client or Send x-www-form-urlencoded request body in Go (Golang) - Welcome To Golang By Example\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Table of Contents OverviewExample Overview The applcation\/x-www-form-urlencoded content-type request body is like a giant query string. 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