{"id":361,"date":"2019-11-09T08:58:12","date_gmt":"2019-11-09T08:58:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/?p=361"},"modified":"2020-09-09T02:30:15","modified_gmt":"2020-09-08T21:00:15","slug":"flyweight-design-pattern-golang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/flyweight-design-pattern-golang\/","title":{"rendered":"Flyweight Design Pattern in Go (Golang)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Note: Interested in understanding how all other design patterns can be implemented in GO. Please see this full reference  &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/all-design-patterns-golang\/\">All Design Patterns in Go (Golang)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_17 counter-hierarchy counter-decimal ez-toc-light-blue\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"display: none;\"><i class=\"ez-toc-glyphicon ez-toc-icon-toggle\"><\/i><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class=\"ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1\"><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/flyweight-design-pattern-golang\/#Definition\" title=\"Definition:&nbsp; \">Definition:&nbsp; <\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/flyweight-design-pattern-golang\/#When_to_Use\" title=\"When to Use:\">When to Use:<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/flyweight-design-pattern-golang\/#UML_Diagram\" title=\"UML Diagram:\">UML Diagram:<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/flyweight-design-pattern-golang\/#Mapping\" title=\"Mapping:\">Mapping:<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/flyweight-design-pattern-golang\/#Practical_Example\" title=\"Practical Example:\">Practical Example:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Definition\"><\/span><strong>Definition:&nbsp; <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">It is a structural design pattern. This pattern is used when a large number of similar objects need to be created. These objects are called flyweight objects and are immutable. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Let&#8217;s first see an example. Flyweight Pattern will be clear after this example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">In a game of Counter-Strike, Terrorist and Counter-Terrorist have a different type of dress. For simplicity, let&#8217;s assume that both Terrorist and Counter-Terrorists have one dress type each. The dress object is embedded in the player object as below<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Below is the struct for a player, we can see the dress object is embedded in player struct<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">type player struct {\n    dress      dress\n    playerType string \/\/Can be T or CT\n    lat        int\n    long       int\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Let&#8217;s say there are 5 Terrorists and 5 Counter-Terrorist, so a total of 10 players. Now there are two options with respect to dress<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li> Each of the 10 player objects creates a different dress object and embed them. Total 10 dress objects will be created<\/li><li>We create two dress object<ul><li>Single Terrorist Dress Object: This will be shared across 5 Terrorist<\/li><li>Single Counter-Terrorist Dress Object: This will be shared across 5 Counter-Terrorist<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-medium-font-size\" style=\"color:#000000\">As you can that in Approach 1, total of 10 dress objects are created while in approach 2 only 2 dress objects are created. The second approach is what we follow in the Flyweight design pattern. The two dress objects which we created are called the flyweight objects. Flyweight pattern takes out the common parts and creates flyweight objects. These flyweight objects (dress here)&nbsp; can then be shared among multiple objects (player here). This drastically reduces the number of dress objects and the good part is that even if you create more players, still only two dress objects will be sufficient. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">In the flyweight pattern, we store the flyweight objects in the map.&nbsp; Whenever the other objects which share the flyweight objects are created, then flyweight objects are fetched from the map.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Intrinsic and Extrinsic States<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Intrinsic State &#8211;<\/strong>Dress in the intrinsic state as it can be shared across multiple Terrorist and Counter-Terrorist Objects<\/li><li><strong>Extrinsic State &#8211; <\/strong>Player location and the player weapon is an extrinsic state as it is different for every object.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"When_to_Use\"><\/span><strong>When to Use<\/strong>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>When the objects have some intrinsic properties which can be shared. <ul><li> As in the above example, dress is the intrinsic property that was taken out and shared.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Use flyweight when a large number of objects needs to be created which can cause memory issue. In case figure out all the common or intrinsic state and create flyweight objects for that.     <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UML_Diagram\"><\/span><strong>UML Diagram<\/strong>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"591\" height=\"503\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/golangbyexamples.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Flyweight-Design-Pattern-1-1.jpg?resize=591%2C503&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-377\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/golangbyexamples.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Flyweight-Design-Pattern-1-1.jpg?w=591&amp;ssl=1 591w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/golangbyexamples.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Flyweight-Design-Pattern-1-1.jpg?resize=300%2C255&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 591px) 100vw, 591px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Below is the corresponding mapping UML diagram with the example given above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"541\" height=\"503\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/golangbyexamples.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Flyweight-Design-Pattern-2-1.png?resize=541%2C503&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-378\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/golangbyexamples.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Flyweight-Design-Pattern-2-1.png?w=541&amp;ssl=1 541w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/golangbyexamples.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Flyweight-Design-Pattern-2-1.png?resize=300%2C279&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 541px) 100vw, 541px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mapping\"><\/span><strong>Mapping:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">The below table represents the mapping from the UML diagram actors to actual implementation actors in code.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table class=\"has-subtle-pale-blue-background-color has-fixed-layout has-background\"><tbody><tr><td>Flyweight Factory<\/td><td>dressFactory.go<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Flyweight Interface<\/td><td>dress.go<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Concrete Flyweight Object 1<\/td><td>terroristDress.go<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Concrete Flyweight Object 1<\/td><td>counterTerroristDress.go<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Context<\/td><td>player.go<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Client<\/td><td>main.go<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Practical_Example\"><\/span><strong>Practical Example<\/strong>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>dressFactory.go<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">package main\n\nimport \"fmt\"\n\nconst (\n    \/\/TerroristDressType terrorist dress type\n    TerroristDressType = \"tDress\"\n    \/\/CounterTerrroristDressType terrorist dress type\n    CounterTerrroristDressType = \"ctDress\"\n)\n\nvar (\n    dressFactorySingleInstance = &dressFactory{\n        dressMap: make(map[string]dress),\n    }\n)\n\ntype dressFactory struct {\n    dressMap map[string]dress\n}\n\nfunc (d *dressFactory) getDressByType(dressType string) (dress, error) {\n    if d.dressMap[dressType] != nil {\n        return d.dressMap[dressType], nil\n    }\n    if dressType == TerroristDressType {\n        d.dressMap[dressType] = newTerroristDress()\n        return d.dressMap[dressType], nil\n    }\n    if dressType == CounterTerrroristDressType {\n        d.dressMap[dressType] = newCounterTerroristDress()\n        return d.dressMap[dressType], nil\n    }\n    return nil, fmt.Errorf(\"Wrong dress type passed\")\n}\n\nfunc getDressFactorySingleInstance() *dressFactory {\n    return dressFactorySingleInstance\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>dress.go<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">package main\n\ntype dress interface {\n    getColor() string\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>terroristDress.go<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">package main\n\ntype terroristDress struct {\n\tcolor string\n}\n\nfunc (t *terroristDress) getColor() string {\n\treturn t.color\n}\n\nfunc newTerroristDress() *terroristDress {\n\treturn &terroristDress{color: \"red\"}\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>counterTerroristDress.go<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">package main\n\ntype counterTerroristDress struct {\n    color string\n}\n\nfunc (c *counterTerroristDress) getColor() string {\n    return c.color\n}\n\nfunc newCounterTerroristDress() *counterTerroristDress {\n    return &counterTerroristDress{color: \"green\"}\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>player.go<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">package main\n\ntype player struct {\n    dress      dress\n    playerType string\n    lat        int\n    long       int\n}\n\nfunc newPlayer(playerType, dressType string) *player {\n    dress, _ := getDressFactorySingleInstance().getDressByType(dressType)\n    return &player{\n        playerType: playerType,\n        dress:      dress,\n    }\n}\n\nfunc (p *player) newLocation(lat, long int) {\n    p.lat = lat\n    p.long = long\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>main.go<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">package main\n\nimport \"fmt\"\n\nfunc main() {\n    game := newGame()\n    \/\/Add Terrorist\n    game.addTerrorist(TerroristDressType)\n    game.addTerrorist(TerroristDressType)\n    game.addTerrorist(TerroristDressType)\n    game.addTerrorist(TerroristDressType)\n    \/\/Add CounterTerrorist\n    game.addCounterTerrorist(CounterTerrroristDressType)\n    game.addCounterTerrorist(CounterTerrroristDressType)\n    game.addCounterTerrorist(CounterTerrroristDressType)\n    dressFactoryInstance := getDressFactorySingleInstance()\n    for dressType, dress := range dressFactoryInstance.dressMap {\n        fmt.Printf(\"DressColorType: %s\\nDressColor: %s\\n\", dressType, dress.getColor())\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-prismatic-blocks\"><code class=\"language-go\">DressColorType: ctDress\nDressColor: green\nDressColorType: tDress\nDressColor: red<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Note: Interested in understanding how all other design patterns can be implemented in GO. Please see this full reference &#8211; All Design Patterns in Go (Golang) Table of Contents Definition:&nbsp; When to&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[25,55,3],"class_list":["post-361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tech","tag-design-pattern","tag-flyweight-design-pattern","tag-go"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Flyweight Design Pattern in Go (Golang) - Welcome To Golang By Example<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/golangbyexamples.com\/flyweight-design-pattern-golang\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Flyweight Design Pattern in Go (Golang) - Welcome To Golang By Example\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Note: Interested in understanding how all other design patterns can be implemented in GO. 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