Insertion Sort is one of the simplest sorting algorithms. In insertion sort, the input array is broken down into two parts

1. Sorted
2. Unsorted

• Initially sorted part only contains the first element of the array.

• At each step, we pick the next element from the Unsorted part and insert it into the right position in the sorted part.

Time Complexity

• Worst Case- O(n*n)
• Best Case- O(n) – When the array is already sorted

Space Complexity

Space Complexity of insertion sort is O(1)

Implementation:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    sample := []int{3, 4, 5, 2, 1}
    insertionSort(sample)

    sample = []int{3, 4, 5, 2, 1, 7, 8, -1, -3}
    insertionSort(sample)
}

func insertionSort(arr []int) {
    len := len(arr)
    for i := 1; i < len; i++ {
        for j := 0; j < i; j++ {
            if arr[j] > arr[i] {
                arr[j], arr[i] = arr[i], arr[j]
            }
        }
    }
    
    fmt.Println("After Sorting")
    for _, val := range arr {
        fmt.Println(val)
    }
}

Output:

After Sorting
1
2
3
4
5

After Sorting
-3
-1
1
2
3
4
5
7
8

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